ABA Background and Comment Letter Writing Guide: OCC Interim Final Order: Order Preempting the Illinois Interchange Fee Prohibition Act
Background
Key Rulemaking Information
Agency: Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC)
Titles:
- Interim Final Rule, National Bank Non-Interest Charges and Fees
- Interim Final Order, Order Preempting the Illinois Interchange Fee Prohibition Act
Comments deadline: Friday, May 29, 2026 (30 days)
Submit comments here:
Other information:
- Interim Final Rule: RIN 1557-AF54; Docket ID OCC-2026-0430
- Interim Final Order: RIN 1557–ZA10, Docket ID OCC–2026–0431
ABA strongly encourages members to support OCC’s interchange fee- related Interim Final Rule (IFR) and Interim Final Order (IFO)
ABA strongly encourages members to submit comment letters in support of OCC’s IFR clarifying national banks’ power to charge non-interest charges and fees, including credit and debit card interchange fees that are set by or in consultation with third parties and OCC’s IFO declaring that “[n]ational banks and Federal savings associations are neither subject to nor required to comply with” the IFPA.
As a reminder, a strong national bank preemption standard is important not only to national banks but also to state-chartered banks operating in multiple states where “wild card” statutes provide them the same protections afforded to national banks.
Your letter does not need to be long. Even a short letter explaining the value of the IFRIFR (and the IFO, if relevant) to your bank and the communities it serves will be valuable in our industry’s fight against unlawful state regulation that disrupts America’s smoothly functioning payment card system.
Comments submitted to the OCC under the IFR comment depository may not be read by OCC staff responsible for reviewing comments submitted to the OCC under the IFO comment depository and vice-versa. Therefore, members are encouraged to submit their letters to the OCC using both links provided above.
The IFR and IFO come at a critical time.
As you are likely aware, the Illinois Interchange Fee Prohibition Act (IFPA), passed in 2024 and scheduled to become effective on July 1, 2026, broadly prohibits banks from collecting or receiving interchange fees on any portion of an electronic payment transaction attributable to Illinois taxes or voluntary gratuities. Violations of the IFPA can result in penalties as high as $1,000 per transaction.
ABA, along with the Illinois Bankers Association (IBA) and other financial trade associations (collectively the Trades), challenged the IFPA immediately and moved for a preliminary injunction. The OCC filed an amicus brief urging the Northern District of Illinois to grant the preliminary injunction, underscoring the IFPA is an “ill-conceived, highly unusual, and largely unworkable state law that threatens to fragment and disrupt this efficient and effective system.” The OCC also emphasized that national banks have the powers under the NBA to process debit and credit card transactions and charge fees for those services, and that the IFPA significantly interferes with those powers. And the OCC sounded the alarm that if “the interchange fee prohibition provision in the IFPA is not invalidated, it will erode essential infrastructure,” of payment card systems, “leaving national banks with extraordinary operational burdens that likely will be passed on to consumers in the form of higher fees, reduced services, and weakened fraud protection.”
In December 2024, the district court granted the Trades’ request for a preliminary injunction as to certain participants in the payment card process like national banks. Afterward, the Trades moved for summary judgment, arguing the court should permanently enjoin enforcement because federal law preempts the IFPA.
Unfortunately, on February 10, 2026, roughly four months before the IFPA is set to take effect, the district court reversed course. In short, while the District Court indicated that it would have agreed that the IFPA’s interchange fee prohibition impermissibly interfered with federal banking powers, it perceived one “snag”: “third party” card payment networks set interchange rates. The court therefore declined to enjoin the IFPA’s interchange fee prohibition even though it recognized that it imposed “staggering” costs.
On February 13, 2026, the Trades appealed the district court decision to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. And the OCC again submitted an amicus brief in support of a strong national bank preemption standard.
This IFR meets the district court’s decision head-on by amending 12 C.F.R. § 7.4002 to “clarify that … national banks may charge non-interest charges or fees, even when such charges and fees are set by or in consultation with third parties.” And the IFO thoughtfully explains how the IFR and other, previously existing components of federal legislation and regulation clearly preempt the IFPA’s application to national banks.
Unfortunately, Illinois is far from alone in trying to interfere with national banks exercising their federal power to charge interchange fees. At least two dozen other states legislatures are considering similarly obstructive legislation, plainly intending to interfere in national banks’ exercise of even their most basic powers. Beyond this comment period and litigation, ABA strongly encourages members to remain engaged with ABA and their state associations on this issue to better understand the current and anticipated impacts on their institutions and communities.
Although ABA will submit a comprehensive public comment in support of the IFR and IFO, it is critical that the OCC hear directly from banks how the IFR, IFO, and the regulatory certainty they provide positively impact banks and the communities they serve. Again, your comment letter does not need to be long. We hope the comment letter writing guide will be helpful.
If you have any questions, please feel free to reach out to: Dale Baker at Dbaker@aba.com
Comment Letter Writing Guide
- Submit your comment through the below links by Friday, May 29, 2026.
- Submit your comment on your institution’s letterhead, if possible.
- Provide specific examples of how the IFR (and, where applicable, the IFO) and the regulatory certainty it provides will positively impact your bank and the communities it serves, including any significant IFPA compliance action your bank is considering foregoing
- Given the IFPA becomes effective date July 1, 2026, we should not expect the OCC to amend its IFR or IFO. However, it is exceptionally important that banks use the comment letter process to publicly demonstrate their support for the IFR and IFO and the OCC’s continued defense of a strong national bank preemption standard.
The OCC makes clear, in the IFR – as it did in previous amicus briefs filed in Illinois, that it believes federal law and regulations already permit national banks to collect and receive non-interest charges and fees set by or in consultation with third parties and, therefore, already preempt application of the IFPA and other similar state laws to national banks. The IFR, however, makes the following changes to the OCC’s regulations:
Amending § 7.4002 to:
- Define the word “Charge” to mean “to assess, collect, impose, levy, receive, reserve, take, or otherwise obtain, including through a fee sharing or similar economic relationship” directly or through intermediaries, partners, payment networks, interchanges, or other third parties;
- Remove the word “customer” to clarify that national banks may receive non-interest compensation for providing products or services, regardless of whether that compensation comes directly from the individual or entity receiving the product or service or via a third party that may not have a “customer” relationship with the bank;
- Add interchanges fees as an additional example of non-interest charges and fees national banks can impose;
- Explicitly include scenarios where non-interest charges and fees national banks can impose may be set by, or in conjunction with, third parties; and
- Make conforming edits to paragraph (c)(1) to clarify its applicability to national banks’ business decisions regarding non-interest charges and fees.
Sample Comment Letter
[INSERT DATE]
Chief Counsel’s Office
Attention: Comment Processing
Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
400 7th Street SW
Suite 3E-218
Washington, DC 20219
Re:
Interim Final Rule: RIN 1557-AF54; Docket ID OCC-2026-0430
Interim Final Order: RIN 1557–ZA10, Docket ID OCC–2026–0431
Dear Madam or Sir:
Introduce Your Bank
For example, “[Bank name] is a [national/ state-chartered] bank headquartered in [city, state] with offices in [cities or # of states]. We currently have [$X] in assets and last year made [$X] in loans. We are primarily focused on [retail, commercial, agricultural, etc.] banking and are primarily overseen by [primary regulator].”
Thank the OCC
For example,
- “We appreciate the OCC’s leadership on this critical issue and strongly support its timely, decisive action to preserve nationwide regulatory clarity for banks and their hundreds of millions of retail and business customers.”
- “The Interim Final Rule (IFR) and Interim Final Order (IFO) provide critical regulatory certainty that national banks may rely upon to continue to exercise well‑established authorities to collect and receive non‑interest charges and fees, including interchange fees, without improper interference from inconsistent and extraterritorial state laws.”
Key Issues
- Bank-specific examples. Where possible, lead with specific examples of how the IFR (and, where applicable, the IFO) will positively impact your institution and the communities it serves.
- District court’s error. Argue that the OCC’s IFR was warranted because the district court incorrectly concluded that 12 C.F.R. § 7.4002 did not grant national banks the power to receive interchange fees under the default fee schedule set by payment card networks.
- Value of payment cards. Discuss the importance of payment cards to America’s economy and the benefits they bring to consumers and merchants.
- Discuss the benefits delivered by payment card networks to the U.S. economy and the efficiencies created by having the option to adopt default interchange rates.
- Explain that choosing to adopt default interchange fee rates set by a payment card networks is a decision made according to sound banking principles.
- Value of strong national bank preemption standard. Discuss the value of a strong national bank preemption standard generally. ABA and allies have covered the subject extensively here, here, here, here, and here.
- For example:
- “At stake is more than a single fee. It is the continued integrity of a national banking system that supports economic growth, innovation and access to financial services across the country.”
- “Congress provided national banks with the necessary operational authorities and appropriate protections from harmful state intervention. And the Supreme Court has since repeatedly recognized that Congress intended national banks’ express powers to be broad, rather than limited, and that national banks’ incidental powers evolve alongside financial innovations and the growing needs of an ever-more-complex American economy.”
- “By attempting to impose state-specific processing and pricing requirements on infrastructure designed to function uniformly at national scale, the IFPA threatens to fragment the payments system, undermine operational stability, and disrupt consumers and businesses far beyond Illinois.”
- “A strong national banking system with uniform rules is essential to the national economy. A single national standard provides efficiency and clarity for institutions operating across state lines. Efficiency allows for lower prices and better products and services. Clarity helps customers understand what products and services they are getting.”
- “The bottom line is that attempts by states to deprive national banks, consumers and businesses of a uniform set of standards and practices is anti-free market, anti-consumer and contrary to the safe and sound operation of national banks. To allow these state practices to stand will undercut the safety of America’s banking system and hurt American businesses and consumers.”
- For example:
- Value of OCC acting now. Discuss the value provided by the OCC acting now by issuing its interim final rule and order as it is uncertain when the Seventh Circuit will rule and the IFPA becomes effective on July 1, 2026.
- Briefly discuss the lack of systems and technology necessary to comply with the IFPA’s manual and automatic processes.
- For example:
- Card networks are currently incapable of bifurcating transactions as the IFPA would require and cannot reasonably be expected to handle 3x-5x the current transaction processing load as would be necessary if each transaction were subdivided to separately identify purchase price, multiple types of taxes, and any gratuities.
- The manual process through which merchants could, post-transaction, seek refunds for interchange fees attributable to sales taxes and gratuities is not only ill-defined but so inefficient and cost prohibitive as to be effectively impossible.
- State banks relying on Illinois and Federal “wild card” regulations.
- Illinois-chartered banks. If your bank is Illinois-chartered, consider discussing the value of OCC’s IFR and IFO in the context of Illinois’s “super wild card” regulations, Illinois Banking Act, 205 ILCS 5/5(11), and Savings Bank Act, 205 ILCS 205/6002(11), which permit Illinois-chartered banks to engage in any activity in which national banks are permitted to engage – which, as a result of the OCC’s IFR, now expressly include the power to charge non-interest charges and fees, including credit and debit card interchange fees that are set by or in consultation with third parties.
- Non-Illinois state-chartered banks. If your bank is state-chartered in a state other than Illinois, consider discussing the value of OCC’s IFR and IFO in the context of Riegle–Neal protections at 12 U.S.C. § 1831a(j)(1)], which provide the laws of a host state apply to out-of-state state-chartered banks only to the extent the laws of the host state apply to national banks.
- IFPA compliance costs.
- Bank-specific costs. If your bank has identified costs it has already incurred or is likely to incur as a result of the IFPA, lead with specific examples when possible. If your bank has not completed such an analysis, you are still encouraged to address IFPA compliance costs in general terms, e.g. core upgrades, additional compliance headcount, outside counsel fees, etc.
- IFPA compliance costs already incurred. Discuss the irrecoverable regulatory compliance costs banks have already incurred as a result of the regulatory uncertainty surrounding the IFPA and similar state laws being contemplated around the country.
- Other, previously anticipated IFPA compliance costs. Discuss the compliance costs and burden your bank was going to undertake before July 1, 2026 to comply with the IIFPA.
- Describe the nature of potential changes your bank considered to benefits/rewards, acceptance in Illinois, product offerings, etc.
- Identify burdens that would be imposed on third parties. For example, some banks were considering making changes to the terms of its agreements with cardholders to reflect the impacts of the IFPA and advance notification that it may be required to make of those changes.
- Compliance costs associated with similar state laws. If your banks operates in another state considering a similar law, consider identifying that state law or bill and describing the similar costs your institution has already incurred or expects to incur in preparing to comply with that legislation.
- Costs to communities. Discuss the potential economic costs to the communities your bank serves, such as consumers’ reduced access to payment systems, lower merchant sales, etc.
Conclusion
End your comment by summarizing your key points and thanking the OCC again for robustly defending national banks against obstructive state overreach.
Signature
Name, Title
Contact information